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Meta
Author Archives: from puxill
stòiridh : An Caisteil Oillte (le Raibeart MacArtair)
Caibidil a h-Aon: An Triùir Sgrùdairean
duilleag a h-aon
Pharc Rob MacGill’Andrais an baidhsagail aige an taobh a-muigh an dachaigh agus chaidh e a-steach an taigh. Bha a mhathair anns a’ cidsinn. Nuair a chuala i e a dhùnadh an doras dh’èigh i dha.
“A Raibeart, an e thusa?”
” ‘S e mise, a Mhamaidh.” Chaidh e dhan doras a’ chidsinn. Bha a mhathair a’ dhèanamh bonnaich. ‘S i bean chaol dhonn.
“Ciamar a bha cùisean aig an leabhar-lann?” dh’fhaighnich i.
“Ceart gu leòr,” fhreagair e. Bha obair pàirt-ùine aige aig an leabhar-lann mar gille-frithealaidh. Rinn e rudan mar cur an òrdugh leabhraichean a bha thug air ais agus cur iad air an sgeilpean agus cuideachadh leis an catalog agus faidhleadh.”
“Dh’fhòn do charaid Iupatar,” ars’ a mhathair. Bha i a’ fuineadh an taois a-mach fhad ‘s a bha i a’ bruidhinn leis. “Dh’fhalbh e teachdaireachd air do shon.”
“Teachdaireachd!” dh’èigh Robh air bhoil leis an iongnadh. “Dè thuirt i?”
“Sgrìobh mi i. Gheibh mi i às mo phocaid nuair bha mi deiseil den taois.”
(seo crìoch duilleag a h-aon) Continue reading
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Sgeulachd : A’ Chaointeach
from Folk Tales and Fairy Lore in Gaelic and English
collected from oral tradition by Rev. James MacDougall (1910)
p. 214
A’ CHAOINTEACH
Sgeul mu Bhean-Shìthe
Is e Bean-Shìthe a bha anns a’ Chaointich. Bha i a’ leantainn Chlann Mhic Aoidh agus fhineachan eile ‘san Roinn Ilich. An uair a bhitheadh bàs a’ dol a thachairt an aon de na fineachan sin, thigeadh i dh’ ionnsaidh tigh an duine thinn le tomaig uaine m’a guailnibh, agus bheireadh i seachad rabhadh d’a theaghlach le caoidhearan brònach a thogail taobh a mach an doruis. Cho luath is a chluinneadh càirdean an duine thinn a guth, chailleadh iad dòchas r’a dhol am feobhas. Chuala iad a’ Chaointeach a’ tuireadh, agus bu leòir an dearbhadh sin leò gu’n robh a chrìoch aig làimh.
Ach sguir a’ Chaointeach a thabhairt sanais seachad do mhuinntir na Ranna. Chualadh i mu dheireadh aig tigh ‘san àite sin o cheann iomadh bliadhna.
Bha ‘san àm duine tinn air a leabadh bàis agus a chàirdean a’ fetheamh air. B’e an geamhradh a bha ann, agus bha an oidhche fliuch, fuar, le uisge agus le gaoith. Sheas i muigh aig dorus an fhuaraidh de’n tigh; agus thog i an sin caoidhearan muladach. Chuala an teaghlach a caoidh; agus ghabh aon aca a leithid de thruas di, is gu’n deachaidh e mach air dorus an fhasgaidh, agus gu’n d’fhàg e aice seann bhreacan air àite suidhe, a bha aig taobh an doruis. Phill e stigh an sin, agus ghlaodh e rithe: “Thig, a bhean bhochd, air taobh an fhasgaidh ; agus cuir umad cirb de mo bhreacan.” Air ball sguir an tuireadh; agus o sin gu so cha chualadh agus cha’n fhacadh a’ Chaointeach ‘san Roinn. Continue reading
Posted in fairy_lore, folklore, sgeulachd
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Fuath – Uicipeid
http://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuath
Bha am Fuath no a’ Bhaobh coltach ris am Bhampair.‘S e creutair, no deamhan a bh’ ann a bhuineadh don t-saoghal eile. Bhiodh e ag òl fuil a’ chuspair air an robh e an tòir. Thigeadh e ga ionnsaigh na chadal agus stobadh e a’ bhiodag na chridhe, no ghearradh e a chuisle, gus an sileadh an neach ceudna am boinne deireannach fala gun dùsgadh às a shuain bith-bhuain.
Bha dòigh ann airson a char a thoirt às an Fhuath nam faiceadh neach a’ tighinn e air a’ bhlàr a-muigh is e ann an riochd usp no uilebheist.
Chuairticheadh fear-siubhail e fhèin gu luath leis a’ Chaim. (Cearcall a bhiodh daoine a’ cur orra fhèin an àm gàbhaidh no cunnairt).
Cha robh aig aon ach seasamh anns a’ bhad san robh e agus samhla cearcaill a tharraing timcheall air le a bhata air an talamh agus cha robh cumhachd olc sam bith a b’ urrainn a ruighinn a taobh a-steach don riomball.
Bha na draoidhean a’ cur a muinighin gu làidir ann an Dia na grèine. Tha a’ ghrian a bheir buaidh air cumhachdan an dorchadais a’ ruith a rèis ann an cearcall agus mar sin bha an cearcall na nì ro èifeachdach nan creideamh.
Chaitheamh mi am facal “fasgadair” airson am facal Beurla “vampire”. Tha e a’ ciallachadh ‘fear a’ sùgadh fuil’ no “bloodsucker” ann am Beurla. Continue reading
Posted in fasgadair, field guide, uicipeid, uile-bheist, wikipedia
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Sealladh Dreagain
às an leabhar-lann de seallaidhean neo-shaoghalta (aig puxill)
Dimàirt 20mh am Faoilleach
an deicheamh latha air fhichead a’ Gheamhraidh
(an tritheadamh)
An-dè chaidh mise is duine agam dhan ionad-slàinte a tha ann an Baile a Deas. Fhad ‘s a bha iad a’ dol air ais dhachaigh, chunnaic mi dreagan. Bha air clàr sanais-reic ri taobh an rathad. (‘S e dreagadh a tha ann am facal eile airson sanas-reic, a rèir Dwelly. Tha mi a’ smaoineachadh gum bheil sin èibhinn.) Bha sanas-reic airson companaidh a solairidh connadh is teasachadh.
Bha an dreagan a’ còmhdachadh an dara leth a’ chlàr agus bha faclan air an leth eile; faclan a ràdh dè an t-ainm a tha air a’ chompanaidh agus dè a nì e. Bha an dreagan air a’ chlàr sanais-reic a’ tilg teine.
Bha mi eadar mo chadal agus mo dhùisg ach chunnaic mi an dreagan air a’ chlàr sanais-reic agus smaonich mi gur bu math sin.
‘S e dreagan-sear a bha ann an dreagan air a’ chlàr sanais-reic. Bha uaine agus bha sgiathan coltach ri ialtaig agus lannan air. Tha mi a’ smaoineachadh gun robh e coltach ri Smaug a bha an dreagan air a thachair Bilbo.
A rèir an leabhar “The Dragonology Handbook” le Ernest Drake, tha trì seòrsaichean dreagain-shear; an dreagan Eòrpach (Draco occidentalis magnus), an “Gargouille” (Draco occidentalis minimus) a bha a seòrsa dreagain-cloiche, agus an dreagan-reòthadh (Draco occidentalis maritimus).
Buinidh an dreagan-Eòrpach do na Eileanan Bhreatainn agus an Roinn-Eòrpa. Bidh iad dearg no uaine no òir-bhuidhe no dubh. Ithidh iad crodh agus caora. Agus ithidh iad daoine ach cha toigh leotha gu math; tha blàs geur orra. Fuirichidh iad ann an uamhan anns na beanntan air muir no air tìr agus cruinnichidh iad ionmhas.
Fàsaidh an dreagan Eòrpach gu dà fhichead ‘s còig troighean a dh’ fhad agus eadar trì agus seachd troighean deug a dh’ airde fhad ‘s a dh’fàsas na dreagan Gargouille gu còig troighean deug a’ dh’ fhad agus eadar ochd is deich troighean a dh’ airde. Chan bhi iad ri fhaighinn anns na Eileanan Bhreatainn; buinidh iad anns an Roinn Eòrpa a-mhàin. Fuirichidh dreaganan Gargouille anns na bailtean-mòra dhen Roinn Eòrpa, air mullach de na h-àrd-eaglaisean agus togalaichean Gotach eile. Ithidh iad radain agus calmain (‘s e sin – radan air iteig) agus cait agus coin. Bidh an dath dubh-ghlais no dubh-liath orra.
Bidh an dreagan reòthadh cho geal ri deighe no sneachd a chionn ‘s gu fuiricheas iad anns na tìrean de deighe is sneachda, far a bidh e fuar fuar a-riamh. Bidh iad oidhcheach. Fàsaidh iad cho mòr ri dreaganan Eòrpach ach bidh dreaganan Eòrpach nam dùisg air an là. Agus fhad ‘s a b’ urrainn do dà chuid dhiubh a bhruidhinn cha toigh le dreaganan reòthadh agus cha chuiridh fear stad air dreaganan-Eòrpa. Continue reading
Posted in dreaganan, field guide, fiosrachadh, leabhar-lann, neo-shaoghalta, uile-bheist
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Taibhse
às an leabhar-lann de seallaidhean neo-shaoghalta
an darna latha deug am Faoilleach
an darna latha air fhichead a’ Gheamhraidh
Bha mi ag aisling sa mhadainn seo agus anns m’ aisling bha mo chàraid Pòla ag tadhal. Chaochail Pòla o chionn bliadhna no dhà agus tha mi ga h-ionndrainn gu mòr. Bha mi toilichte ga faicinn sa mhadainn seo. Dh’innis i dhomh gu bheil i a’ dèanamh cairdean an-sin far an robh i agus dh’oideach fear dhiubh an raonadh ann an aisling. Thuirt i gun robh an àite far an robh i snòg gu leòr ach bha fadachd oirre; chan eil eadar-lìn aice agus chan eil coimpiutaran aca ge-tà.
Bidh taibhsean na seallaidhean neo-shaoghalta nas cumanta agus tha iad air a bhith faicinn ann an aisling as cumanta uile.
Dè tha taibhse? Dh’fhaodadh e gur e taisbean de pearsa a tha marbh no beò (nach eil làthair, tha fios) no taisbean de creutair (mar cù no cat) no rud (mar trèan-taibhseach no bàta-taibhseach) a tha ann an taibhse. ‘S e bàta-taibhseach as ainmeile uile a tha ann an The Flying Dutchman.
Tha liuthad seòrsa de taibhsean; an taibhse clasaigeach leis cuibhrichean agus anartan-bàis agus gearanan; an taibhse a dhèanamh a’ cheart nì uair is uair; an taibhse a nochdaidh air a’ cheart là gach bliadhna; agus an taibhse no taisbean de pearsa a tha beò fhathast.
Nochdaidh taibhse a rabhadh de cunnairt (mar banshee no ban-nighe). Nochdaidh taibhse a thoirt teachdaireachd no naidheachd. Nochdaidh taibhse air là cudthrom mar comh-ainm latha a bhàs.
Chan urrainn dhan mhòr-chuid de taibhsean a bhruidhinn ri cuideigin ach ‘s urrainn do taibhsear a bhruidhinn ris a’ mhòr-chuid de taibhsean.
‘S e bòcain a tha ann an cuid de taibhsean-creutair, uilebheistean no creutairean-sìth no -fuath. Air an làimh eile, bha taibhse-cait gam thadhal ann siud is seo, ach chan eil i a-nis. Cadaladh i leam nuair a bha mi a’ gabhail norrag. Continue reading
Posted in field guide, leabhar-lann, neo-shaoghalta
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Ùr-bheist
às leabhar-lann seallaidhean neo-shaoghalta
9mh am Faoilleach
naoidheamh là deug a’ Gheamhraidh
Dh’fhuair mi an aithris seo mu dheidhinn eòin gur e ùr-bheistean a th’ annta air an eadar-lìn an-diugh. Tha sin a’ ciallachadh gur e leth mar leth a th’ annta; leth-chuid aon eun agus an dara leth aon eile.
Seo Twinzy gur e buidsidh no paracait ùr-bheist a th’ annad. Tha e leth-chuid buidsidh gorm agus tha an dara leth buidsidh uaine.
Dh’fhuair mi an aithris seo cuideachd. Seo mu dheidhinn Venus. ‘S i ùr-bheist cait a tha innte. ‘S dòcha. Chan eil na luchd-saidheans cinteachd gu leòr. Dè ur beachd?
Chaidh na ùr-bheistean seo air a dhèanamh nuair a chaidh dà shuthan diofar – leanabh càraid nach eil co-ionnann, tha fios – a mheasgachadh anns a’ bhroinn (no anns an ugh, anns an cùis gur e eun). ‘S e a’ chàraid aige-sa fhèin a th’ ann an ùr-bheist!
Tha Twinzy fireannach agus tha Venus boireannach; tha sin a’ ciallachadh gun robh an dà chuid dhen chàraidh fireannach no boireannach ron a chaidh iad a mheasgachadh. Nuair a bha aon chàraid boireannach agus an dara leth fireannach, ‘s e fireann-boireann a th’ ann an ùr-bheist sin. Mar an eun seo :–
Agus tha cuid dealbhan de ùr-bheistean eile air an duilleag seo.
‘S e aon chuid leomhain, aon chuid gobhair agus aon chuid dreagain a bha ann an ùr-bheist chlasaigeach. Bha Chimera an t-ainm a bha air a’ chiad ùr-bheist agus ‘s i boireannach. Bha trì cinn oirre, no ‘s dòcha ceithir. Aon leomhain, aon gobhair agus aon dreagan. Bha earball nathrach oirre agus uaireagan bhiodh ceann nathrach ann aig ceann earbaill. Leis nimh-fhiaclan! Cuideach bha sgiathan dreagain oirre. Thilg i smugaid-thiene mar dreagan.
Dh’fhuirich Chimera anns an Lycia, Aisia Bheag, air an Beinn Chimaera. Bha a mathair Echidna a bha boireannach bho a ceann gus a meadhan agus bha nathair bho a meadhan gus a … uill, tha earball nathrach mòr mhòr oirre an àite casan. Thug iad “Mathair de uile-bheistean” mar ainm air Echidna.
Bha Typhon an t-athair aig Chimera. Bha e dia dha gaillean-mòr agus bha an cruth aige … uabhasach gu leòr.
Mharbh Bellerophon an gaisgeach Chimera. Continue reading
Posted in field guide, leabhar-lann, uile-bheist
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Fiadh-dhaoine Ameireaganach
Sasquatch no “Bigfoot” (Cas-mhòr)
às an leabhar-lann seallaidhean neo-shaoghalta
DiArdaoin 8 am Faoilleach
ochdamh là deug a’ Gheamhraidh
Chunnacas air DiArdaoin 1 am Faoilleach air camara trafaige anns an Arizona, Staitean Aonaichte, Ameireaga (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/01/07/sasquatch-family-arizona-roadside_n_6425648.html)
Chuir e sneachd anns an Arizona (Staitean Aonaichte, Ameirega) anns na laithean mu dheireadh dhen seann bhliadhna. Agus air aon camara trafaige bha dealbh seo a’ nochdadh teaghlachd fiadh-dhaoine a’ cluich anns an t-sneachda.
A-rèir choltais, ge-tà, ach na toir breith a-rèir choltais, mar bidh a sean-fhacal a ràdh. Chan eil iad fiadh-dhaoine sam bith ach cleas a bhan na daoine aig Roinn an Trafaig (DOT) aig Arizona a’ dèanamh. Thuirt Tim Tait, a tha am fear-labhairt airson DOT, gur ann soilleir a tha na fiadh-dhaoine preasan no plocan a chionn a tha iad an-seo fhathast as dèidh là no dhà. (‘S urrainn dhuibh a fhaicinn iad sibh-fhèin an-seo – http://www.az511.gov/hcrsweb/files/rwisCam387.html – an dèidh dh’èirigh an grian, tha fios.)
Thuirt e gun chuir iad aig an Roinn an dealbh suas air an eadar-lìnn mar cleas.
Fuirichidh fiadh-dhuine Ameireaganach, air a thug Sasquatch, no “Bigfoot” (cas-mhòr) mar ainm, anns an taobh iar-thuath dhen Ameireaga – anns na Staitean dhen Oregan, Washington, ceann tuath den California. ‘S dòcha Montana. Bhiodh Arizona ro fhada deas orra.
Tha Sasquatch faisg air seachd troighean a dh’àirde. Tha coltas duine saoghalta mòsach air. Tha e uabhasach drùid; cha toigh leis a bhith air a fhaicinn. Cha toigh leis trioblaid, cha bhi e a’ sabaid, teichidh e agus thèid e am falach. O chionn sin chan eil dealbhan math dha. Continue reading
Posted in field guide, leabhar-lann, neo-shaoghalta, sithichean, uile-bheist
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Supplemental Notes on Using the Defective Verb “IS”
Making sense of MacLaren’s Lesson 18 : Using the Defective Verb “IS”
Nota Bene :– This is my third attempt to figure this out. Hopefully, this time, I’ll make it to the end of the list without getting seriously confused (again).
I’m going to start by describing the different types of sentences possible in the simplest terms.
1) pronoun subject and definite noun object
2) noun subject and definite noun object
3) pronoun subject and indefinite noun object
4) definite or proper noun subject and indefinite noun object
5) indefinite noun subject and indefinite noun object
6) definite noun subject and adjective
I’ve arranged them in this fashion for clarity’s sake. My clarity, that is.
The first two :–
1) pronoun subject and definite noun object
2) noun subject and definite noun object
Each have only one form in use. One “register”, if you will. To my mind, that makes them first as … well, it’s not intrinsically confusing.
The next four are forms that can be expressed in one of two ways; one way that is commonly heard and seen and is considered “low” or common and another – a high register, formal, “Shakespearean-type” language that is very rarely heard these days. For some reason, though, it’s the second that gets all the attention and then – after the explanation, the learner is warned to not use it!
Line items 3 through 6 all use the defective verb introduce a relative clause that contains the subject of the sentence. All four use the preposition ANN.
The three line items grouped together :–
3) pronoun subject and indefinite noun object
4) definite or proper noun subject and indefinite noun object
5) indefinite noun subject and indefinite noun object
… put the preposition ANN (or prepositional pronoun of ANN) in the clause proper. The preposition is used to indicate the subject of the sentence.
Something that all the everyday forms of usage of the defective verb “IS” have in common is that the verb is followed by a pronoun (or in the case of line item 6, something that approximates a pronoun, to wit, the prepositional pronoun ANN = “in it“).
Before I start, some basic ground rules :–
– Is is often contracted to ‘S before a vowel, a vowel sound, and the word mise.
– Bu is often contracted to B’ when followed by a vowel or vowel sound
– The second person singular is TU (not “thu”) when it directly follows any form of the defective verb IS.
– Cha
— becomes Chan before a vowel or vowel sound
— lenites words following it which begin with b, f, m, p, c, or g
– An becomes Am when followed by a word beginning with b, f, m, or p
– It would be a good idea to review the prepositional pronouns of ANN before we start. To wit :–
Singular annam = in me annad = in you/ thou ann = in him innte = her |
Plural annainn = in us annaibh = in you annta = in them |
Without further ado … Let’s begin – with the common, often used, everyday forms.
1) pronoun subject and definite noun object
This is the simplest.
VERB + (emphatic) pronoun SUBJECT + definite noun OBJECT
Examples :– | ||
‘S mise an dotair. B’ esan an ciopair. Is ise an tidsear. Cha mhise an gille. Cha bu tusa an tuathanach. Chan iad na daoine. Chan e am fear. An iadsan na gillean? Nach bu sibhse na h-iasgairean? Thuirt i gur bu tusa am fear. Thuirt e nach ise an tè. |
I am the doctor. You were the shepherd. She is a teacher. I was not the lad. You were not the farmer. They aren’t the men. He is not the one. Were they the lads? Weren’t you the fishermen? She said that you were the one. He said that she is not the one. |
2) noun subject and definite noun object
This one is also fairly simple.
VERB + e + name SUBJECT + def noun PREDICATE
You notice that masculine pronoun stuck in there? Get used to it, you’ll be seeing it a lot.
Examples :– | ||
‘S e Calum an dotair. B’ e Iain an ciopair. Chan e Seumas an tuathanach. Nach e an gillean seo na daoine? Cha b’ e Mòrag agus Peadar na tidsearean. An b’ e Pòl an gille? Nach e Donnchadh an t-iasgair? Thuirt i gum b’ e Peadar am fear. Thuirt e nach e Sìne an tè. |
Malcolm is the doctor. John was the shepherd. James isn’t the farmer. Weren’t those lads the men? Sarah and Peter weren’t the teachers. Was Paul the lad? Isn’t Duncan the fisherman? She said that Peter was the one. He said that Jane isn’t the one. |
It is possible to substitute in a gender or number specific pronoun for the e, but it doesn’t seem to be necessary.
Examples :–
Cha b’ iad Mòrag agus Peadar na tidsearan.
Thuirt e nach i Sìne an tè.
There now, that was simple enough. Now is where it gets a … bit … complicated.
For the next three line items, the pattern is
VERB + e + PREDICATE + a tha + form of preposition ANN + SUBJECT
That’s it. That’s all the confusion. Doesn’t look all that complicated, though, does it?
VERB + e + PREDICATE + a tha + form of preposition ANN + SUBJECT
3) pronoun subject and indefinite noun object
Here is where you need to use the prepositional pronouns. Ready?
Examples :– | ||
‘S e dotair a th’ annam. B’ e ciopair a th’ ann. Chan e tuathanach a th’ annad. Cha b’ e tidsearan a th’ annta. Chan e daoine a th’ annainn. An b’ e gillean a th’ annta? Nach e iasgairean a th’ annaibh? Nach b’ e iasgair a th’ annaibh? Thuirt i gum b’ e fear a th’ annad. Thuirt e nach e tè a th’ innte. |
I am a doctor. He was a shepherd. You aren’t a farmer. They weren’t teachers. We aren’t men. Were they boys? Aren’t you fishermen? Weren’t you a fisherman? She said that you were one. He said that she isn’t one. |
So what happens if we toss in proper nouns?
4) proper or definite noun subject and indefinite noun object.
Here, instead of the prepositional pronouns, you use the preposition itself, which takes the form of ann an (ann am when followed by a name beginning with b, f, m, or p) and the form of anns an/ anns am/ anns a’ for definite nouns.
Is + e + PREDICATE + a tha + {ann an/am or anns an/am/a’} + SUBJECT
Examples :– | ||
‘S e dotair a th’ ann an Calum. B’ e chiopair a th’ ann an Iain. Chan e tuathanach a th’ ann an Seumas. Cha b’ e tidsearan a th’ ann Mòrag agus Peadar. Chan e daoine a th’ anns na caileagan sin. . An b’ e gille a th’ ann an Pòl? Nach e iasgairean a th’ ann na gillean? Nach b’ e iasgair a th’ anns an Donnchadh? Thuirt i gum b’ e fear a th’ ann an Peadar. Thuirt e nach e tè a th’ ann an Sìne. |
Malcolm is a doctor. John was a shepherd. James isn’t a farmer. Sarah and Peter weren’t teachers. Those girls aren’t men Was Paul a lad? Weren’t the lads fishermen? Wasn’t Duncan a fisherman? She said that Peter was one. He said that Jane isn’t one. |
Oh cool! All you have to do is replace the prepositional pronoun of ANN with the proper form of the preposition itself and the noun. That was MUCH easier than I was expecting!
5) indefinite noun subject and indefinite noun object
Now that we’ve dealt with definite noun SUBJECTS and pronoun SUBJECTS (which are sort of definite by definition … which sounds like a tautology but isn’t), let’s look at what happens when both the subject and the object are indefinite.
Same form as with definite subject and indefinite object (except that the form ANN takes is simpler) :–
VERB + e + PREDICATE + a tha + ann an/am + SUBJECT
Examples :– | ||
‘S e iasg a th’ ann am breac. Cha b’ e iasg a th’ ann an iolaire. An e cat a th’ ann an iolaire? Nach bu cù a th’ ann am bradan? Thuirt iad gur b’ e cat taibhse. Thuirt i nach bu cù madadh-allaidh. |
A trout is a fish. An eagle was/ would be not a fish. Is an eagle a cat? Wouldn’t a salmon be a dog? They said a ghost was a cat. She said that a wolf isn’t a dog. |
6) definite noun subject and adjective
The common usage of the defective verb “IS” to express a sentence that contains a definite noun subject and an adjective, like the other common usage forms discussed in line items 3 through 5, contains a relative clause using the verb “A BHITH” and it employs the prepositional pronoun “ANN”, meaning “in it”, but … in this instance, the prepositional pronoun follows the defective verb.
VERB + ann + adjective PREDICATE + a tha + definite noun SUBJECT
I suppose you could think of it as “in it is {the adjective} that {the subject} is”.
Or maybe not. However you rationalize it, the pattern (once again) is :–
VERB + ann + adjective PREDICATE + a tha + definite noun SUBJECT
Examples :– | ||
B’ ann mòr a bha am bradan. Chan ann beag a tha an t-iolaire sin. An b’ ann mòsach a bha an cat? Nach ann luath a tha an t-each? Thuirt e gur ann mall a tha an cù. Thuirt i nach b’ ann crùbach a bha a’ bhò. |
The salmon was big. That eagle isn’t small. Was the cat furry? Isn’t the horse fast? He said that the dog is slow. She said that the cow wasn’t lame. |
That doesn’t really seem all that difficult to understand, so why am I having such a hard time with the defective verb?
Well, in the interests of completeness, whether I want to or not (which I don’t); here are high register forms of the defective verb “IS” – with the common forms for comparison. (And so I don’t get confused again.) (I hope.)
3- redux) pronoun subject and indefinite noun object
Examples :– | ||
High Register Form | English | Common form |
Is dotair mi. Bu chiopair e. Cha tuathananch thu. Cha bu tidsearan iad. Cha daoine sinn. An bu ghillean iad? Nach iasgairean sibh? Nach bu iasgair sibh? Thuirt i gum b’ fhear thu. Thuirt e nach tè i. |
I am a doctor. He was a shepherd. You aren’t a farmer. They weren’t teachers. We aren’t men. Were they boys? Aren’t you fishermen? Weren’t you a fisherman? She said that you were one. He said that she isn’t one. |
‘S e dotair a th’ annam. B’ e ciopair a th’ ann. Chan e tuathanach a th’ annad. Cha b’ e tidsearan a th’ annta. Chan e daoine a th’ annainn. An b’ e gillean a th’ annta? Nach e iasgairean a th’ annaibh? Nach b’ e iasgair a th’ annaibh? Thuirt i gum b’ e fear a th’ annad. Thuirt e nach e tè a th’ innte. |
5- redux) indefinite noun subject and indefinite noun object
Examples :– | ||
High Register Form | English | Common form |
Is iasg breac. Cha b’ iasg iolaire. An cat iolaire? Nach bu cù bradan? Thuirt iad gur bu cat taibhse. Thuirt i nach cù madadh-allaidh. |
A trout is a fish. An eagle was/ would be not a fish. Is an eagle a cat? Wouldn’t a salmon be a dog? They said a ghost was a cat. She said that a wolf isn’t a dog. |
‘S e iasg a th’ ann am breac. Cha b’ e iasg a th’ ann an iolaire. An e cat a th’ ann an iolaire? Nach bu cù a th’ ann am bradan? Thuirt iad gur b’ e cat taibhse. Thuirt i nach bu cù madadh-allaidh. |
6- redux) definite noun subject and adjective
Examples :– | ||
Bu mhòr am bradan. Cha bheag an t-iolaire sin. An bu mhòsach an cat? Nach luath an t-each? Thuirt e gur mall an cù. Thuirt i nach bu chrùbhach a’ bhò. |
The salmon was big. That eagle isn’t small. Was the cat furry? Isn’t the horse fast? He said that the dog is slow. She said that the cow wasn’t lame. |
B’ ann mòr a bha am bradan. Chan ann beag a tha an t-iolaire sin. An b’ ann mòsach a bha an cat? Nach ann luath a tha an t-each? Thuirt e gur ann mall a tha an cù. Thuirt i nach b’ ann crùbach a bha a’ bhò. |
Uile-bheist a’ chuain – Taniwha {Maori}
às an leabhar-lann neo-shaoghalta
DiDòmhnaich, 4mh am Faoilleach
14mh dhen Gheamhraidh
Bha Pita Witehira a’ coimhead aig Oke Bay anns an Sealainn Nuadh, far a tha oighreachd leis, agus chunnaic e uisge na stiùrach uabhasach mòr anns a’ bhaigh. Chan eil e uisge na stiùrach aig bàta no long, chan eil uisge geal ann. Saoil Mgr Witehira gur b’ e an rud a rinn uisge na stiùrach sin 12 m a dh’fhaide (tha sin faisg air 36 troighean a dh’fhaide) agus bha e a’ gluasadh luath.
Thuirt Mgr Witehira gun toireadh na Tùsanaich Maori “Taniwha” air an rud a rinn uisge na stiùrach mar ainm, airson a bha e nas luaithe na muc-mhara agus nas fhaide na cearban. Tha “Taniwha” a’ ciallachadh “trobha” anns a’ chainnt Maori. Continue reading
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